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Title:

Praca skazanych w systemie więziennym Polski Ludowej w latach 1944–1969

Alternative title:

Work of convicts in the prison system of the People’s Republic of Poland in 1944–1969

Creator:

Kalisz, Tomasz

ORCID:

0000-0002-9751-3616

Subject and Keywords:

imprisonment   labor centers of prisoners   Communism  
kara pozbawienia wolności   ośrodki pracy więźniów   komunizm

Description:

Stanowi kontynuację: Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis. Studia nad Faszyzmem i Zbrodniami Hitlerowskimi ; 1 (1974)-33 (2011) ; ISSN 0137-1126

Abstract:

The aim of the study is to present legal problems and to recreate changes related to the organization of work of convicts serving imprisonment in the years 1944–1969. The penitentiary system, in the period after the Second World War, was subordinated to communist ideology, and the Polish prison system was initially treated mainly as a tool in the fight against the so-called class enemy. Created after World War II, in the conditions of subordinating the entire state to communist power, the Polish prison system was treated mainly as a tool in the fight against the so-called class enemy. The penitentiary system was subordinated to the security apparatus. The convicts were subject to economic exploitation at the expense of rehabilitation purposes. The situation improved over time, however, the model of productivization and seeking profit from the work of convicts was very characteristic of the period of the Polish People’s Republic. A clear change in this regard was the adoption of the Executive Penal Code on April 19, 1969. The solutions developed were characteristic of the entire subsequent period of functioning of the penitentiary system in the People’s Republic of Poland. The elements of the discussed system of employing convicts were semi-open establishments operating in the form of work centers, a developed system of prison production enterprises and farms. An important assumption of the inmates’ work system was extensive cooperation with the non-prison sector, as part of special branches of production companies operating at prisons, as well as part of auxiliary farms. The first mentioned centers of work of convicts became with time the most recognizable part of the penitentiary system of the People’s Republic of Poland. These penitentiary units, assuming the nature of semi-open institutions, were based on internal self-discipline and self-control of the convicts, the system of permanent supervision of prison service officers reduced to the necessary minimum, and above all on the mass employment of convicts in socially useful work on a paid basis. The Executive Penal Code, adopted on April 19, 1969, entered into force on January 1, 1970, closing a specific stage in the development of Polish legal thought. The Executive Penal Code has been a kind of synthesis, a summary of the legal and scientific achievements since the emergence of the tendency to introduce a tripartite division into material, procedural and executive penal law. It was an extensive legal act of 219 articles, codifying the basic provisions regulating all issues related to the enforcement of judgments, which started a new period in the development of the Polish prison system.  

Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie problemów prawnych oraz odtworzenie zmian związanych z organizacją pracy skazanych odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności w latach 1944–1969. System penitencjarny po II wojnie światowej podporządkowywany został komunistycznej ideologii, a polskie więziennictwo początkowo traktowane było głównie jako narzędzie w walce z tak zwanym wrogiem klasowym. Skazani byli przedmiotem ekonomicznej eksploatacji kosztem celów resocjalizacyjnych. Z czasem sytuacja się poprawiła, jednak model produktywizacji i poszukiwania zysku z pracy skazanych był bardzo charakterystyczny dla okresu PRL. Wyraźną zmianą w tym zakresie było dopiero uchwalenie 19 kwietnia 1969 roku ustawy Kodeks karny wykonawczy.

Place of publishing:

Wrocław

Publisher:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

Contributor:

Maciejewski, Marek (1950- ). Red.   Scheffler, Tomasz. Red.

Date issued:

2020

Date copyrighted:

2020

Resource Type:

text  
tekst

Detailed Type:

article  
artykuł   czasopisma (wydawnictwa ciągłe)

Identifier:

oai:repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl:120767   ISSN 2300-7249   ISSN 0239-6661

DOI:

10.19195/2300-7249.42.2.4

Source:

PAd P 101182 II

Language:

pol

Abstract Language :

eng

Relation:

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem. 2020, 42, nr 2, s. 69-84

Is version of:

Czasopisma Naukowe w Sieci (CNS)

Access rights:

The use of this material is allowed only with accordance of applicable rules of fair use or other exceptions provided by law, and any broader use requires the permission of the authorized entity  
Korzystanie z tego materiału jest możliwe zgodnie z właściwymi przepisami o dozwolonym użytku lub innych wyjątkach przewidzianych w przepisach prawa, a korzystanie w szerszym zakresie wymaga uzyskania zgody uprawnionego

License:

Making materials available on the basis of the agreement with the owner of the property copyrights  
Udostępnianie na podstawie umowy z właścicielem majątkowych praw autorskich

Rights holder:

Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.

Autor opisu:

WR U/PAdbg