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Turkism in Music : political Influences in the Musical Culture of the young Republic of Turkey (1923–1938)

Atatürk, Kemal (1881-1938) panturkism Turkish music Turkey Gökalp, Ziya (1876-1924)

In 1923 the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed. Its first president, Kemal Atatürk dedicated his life to legal, political and social reforms in his newly-founded state. It is generally believed that the most important cultural changes of this period took place in the fields of language and customs. This paper aims to present a historical overview of the westernization process in usually forgotten in this context field – musical culture. For Kemal Atatürk and his political advisors reforms in musical education system and in the music itself were no less important than those in other fields of culture. Ziya Gökalp, often characterized as the father of Turkish nationalism, in his book-manifesto entitled The Principles of Turkism, stated that the invention of the new national music (Millî Musıki) is essential for the foundation and development of the Turkish community. According to him Millî Musıki was supposed to be combination of the Turkish folk music and European classical music. The second aim of this paper is to show how the first generation of modern Turkish composers put into practice principles of ideal national Turkish music, imagined by the political authorities of Turkey, and how this “new tradition” is continued nowadays

Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

ISSN 2080-332X ISBN 978-83-65158-12-3

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