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		<identifier>oai:repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl:94000</identifier>
	    <datestamp>2026-06-25T12:42:30Z</datestamp>
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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The surface of the artefact]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Trąbska, Joanna]]></dc:creator>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Wesełucha-Birczyńska, Aleksandra]]></dc:creator>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Trybalska, Barbara]]></dc:creator>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Gaweł, Adam]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[SEM/EDS]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Raman micro-spectroscopy]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[framboidal pyrite]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Late Palaeolithic]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[elk antler]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[archaeology]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Samples extracted from the surface of the Late Palaeolithic object made of elk antler with a surface featuring dark grey and black streaks and stains were submitted for SEM/EDS analysis. The non-invasive method of Raman spectroscopy was used to preserve the integrity of the artefact. The aim of the studies was identifying the substance responsible for the stains and elucidating their origin. Substances and processes taken into account included surface treatment of the object’s surface with organic acids and tannins, staining by organic pigments, an organic material holder (sheath), decomposing organic remains, or ashes from fires. The dark grey and black stains were identified by analysis as concentrations of framboidal pyrite. No evidence was found that the origin of these concentrations is other than natural.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[University of Wrocław. Institute of Archaeology]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Płonka, Tomasz]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Kowalski, Krzysztof]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Kinecka, Anna]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2017]]></dc:date>
<dc:type xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[text]]></dc:type>
<dc:type xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[tekst]]></dc:type>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://doi.org/10.23734/22.18.106]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[http://repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl/Content/94000/PDF/Tr%C4%85bska%20J_Wese%C5%82ucha-Birczy%C5%84ska%20A_Trybalska%20B_Gawe%C5%82%20A_The%20surface%20of%20the%20artefact.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication/101173/edition/94000/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl:94000]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:rights xml:lang="de"><![CDATA[Copyright by Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="uk"><![CDATA[Copyright by Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Copyright by Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[In Copyright]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights]]></dc:rights>
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<dc:rights xml:lang="it"><![CDATA[Copyright by Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Copyright by Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Copyright by Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych]]></dc:rights>
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