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		<identifier>oai:repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl:118432</identifier>
	    <datestamp>2026-01-09T11:25:30Z</datestamp>
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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Handwriting examinations in Poland]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Leśniak, Marek]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[handwriting examination]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[expert’s opinion]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[handwriting characteristics]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[comparative examination]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[forensic researches in Poland]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[expert’s conclusion]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[quality of forensic examination]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[criteria of being a scientific method]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[badanie pisma ręcznego]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[opinia biegłego]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[charakterystyka pisma]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[badanie porównawcze]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[badania kryminalistyczne w Polsce]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[konluzja biegłego]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[jakość badania kryminalistycznego]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[kryteria metody naukowej]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="de"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="uk"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The present text is about situation of handwriting examinations currently in Poland. The scientific condition of handwriting examinations and the position taken in practice were presented. In context of statistical date this kind of expert’s opinion may be very sig­nificant for judicial proceedings. Meanwhile, the court decision-makers are not appropri­ately trained for making an assessment of experts’ opinions. Qualifications of handwriting experts are often poor. The dispute about scientific character of comparative examinations is continued. The system of controlling of expert’s opinions quality is not introduced. At the same time Polish scientists do a lot of interesting research on different issues concerning handwriting. Inter alia the researchers deal with: measuring of handwriting characteristics, influences somatic or mental disorders on handwriting, new techniques of graphical and comparative analysis, frequency signatures’ characteristics.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="it"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Wrocław]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Kalisz, Tomasz]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Cieśla, Rafał]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2017]]></dc:date>
<dc:type xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[text]]></dc:type>
<dc:type xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[tekst]]></dc:type>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://doi.org/10.19195/2084-5065.45.4]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[http://repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl/Content/118432/PDF/05_Lesniak_M_Handwriting_examinations_in_Poland.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl/dlibra/publication/128991/edition/118432/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl:118432]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[https://wuwr.pl/nkp/article/view/8183]]></dc:relation>
<dc:rights xml:lang="de"><![CDATA[Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="uk"><![CDATA[Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Making materials available on the basis of the agreement with the owner of the property copyrights]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The use of this material is allowed only with accordance of applicable rules of fair use or other exceptions provided by law, and any broader use requires the permission of the authorized entity]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="it"><![CDATA[Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Udostępnianie na podstawie umowy z właścicielem majątkowych praw autorskich]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Sp. z o.o.]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Korzystanie z tego materiału jest możliwe zgodnie z właściwymi przepisami o dozwolonym użytku lub innych wyjątkach przewidzianych w przepisach prawa, a korzystanie w szerszym zakresie wymaga uzyskania zgody uprawnionego]]></dc:rights>
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