@misc{Koredczuk_Józef_Aspekty_2023,
 author={Koredczuk, Józef},
 copyright={Copyright by Autorzy, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego i Wydawnictwo „Szermierz” sp. z o.o., 2024},
 address={Wrocław},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2023},
 publisher={Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego},
 publisher={Wydawnictwo „Szermierz” sp. z o.o.},
 language={pol},
 abstract={The case of Rita Gorgonowa, charged with the murder of Elżbieta Zaremba, was the most famous court case in the Second Polish Republic. The trial in this case, with the participation of a jury, took place initially before the district court in Lviv and later in Krakow. It attracted great interest from the press, which reported on its proceedings. The trial was based on circumstantial evidence, which made it even more significant. It was attended as participants by the best-known Lviv and Krakow judges, lawyers (Maurycy Axer) and medical experts (Ludwik Hirszfeld, Jan Olbracht), all of whom found it to be the most famous case of their careers. Writers (Tadeusz Boy- Żeleński) also took an interest in the case. Despite the conviction of Gorgonowa, the trial raises controversies to this day. They mainly cast doubt on the evidence on which the verdict was based and the multiple errors that were made during the investigation of the Gorgonowa case (especially operations at the crime scene). The Gorgonowa trial was also important for the popularisation of the practice of using expert medical opinion evidence by Polish courts. The fact that the accused of this murder was a woman also played a significant part according to the non-legal press.},
 abstract={Rita G̀org̀onova vìdoma geroïnâ «najgučnìšogo sudovogo procesu ÌÌ Rečì Pospolitoï». Ïï zasudili za skoêne u 1931 rocì vbivstvo 17-rìčnoï Elʹžbeti Zarembi, donʹki lʹvìvsʹkogo arhìtektora Genrika Zarembi, budinkom âkogo opìkuvalalasʹ G̀org̀onova. Sud nad G̀org̀onovoû na porâdku dennomu rozglâdav pitannâ, či možna zasuditi osobu na osnovì neprâmih dokazìv, navìtʹ âkŝo cì neprâmì dokazi vkazuûtʹ na obvinuvačenogo âk na najìmovìrnìšogo vinuvatcâ? Viŝezaznačenì sumnìvi vinikali takož čerez nedoskonalìstʹs polʹsʹkoï pravovoï doktrini ta sudočinstva mìžvoênnogo perìodu. Za Krimìnalʹnoprocesualʹnim kodeksom 1928 roku spravah pro zločini, âkì pìdpadali pìd ûrisdikcìû sudìv prisâžnih, provedennâ slìdstva bulo obov`âzkovim ì povinno bulo provoditisâ slìdčim suddeû. Na žalʹ, cʹogo ne bulo dotrimano na počatkovomu etapì provadžennâ u spravì G̀org̀onovoï. Ce stalo pričinoû bagatʹoh pìznìše viâvlenih nedolìkìv, âkì možna bulo b stverdžuvati ŝodo včinenih nimi procesualʹnih dìj. Sud pered Okružnim sudom u Lʹvovì rozpočavsâ 23 kvìtnâ 1932 roku. Golovuvav suddâ Ân Antonevič. Obvinuvačuvav prokuror Alʹfred Lanevskì, a zahisnikom vistupav Mauricì Akser. Čerez harakter spravi v sudovomu procesì G̀org̀onovoï važlivu rolʹ vìdìgravali sudovì eksperti. Virok u spravì G̀org̀onovoï bulo vineseno pìslâ sudovogo rozglâdu, pìd čas âkogo bulo zìbrano duže malo dokazìv. Krìm togo, obvinuvačennâ proti neï g̀runtuvalosâ na svìdčennâh brata vbitoï, Stanìslava, âkomu ŝojno vipovnilosâ 14 rokìv. Jogo svìdčennâ naspravdì buli dositʹ sumnìvnimi. Ïm takož zakidali, ŝo voni buli podanì pìd vplivom tisku, âkij buv sprâmovanij na vsìh učasnikìh procesu G̀org̀onovoï z boku presi ta rìznih osìb. Nezvažaûči na ce, okružnij sud u Lʹvovì vinìs virok, zasudivši G̀org̀onovu do smertnoï kari. Pìslâ kasacìjnoï skargi spravu G̀org̀onovoï bulo peredano na povtornij rozglâd do Okružnogo sudu v Krakovì ìz novim skladom suddìv. Sprava mogla buti peredana do ìnšogo sudu liše z važlivih pričin, napriklad, čerez âkìsʹ nebažanì vplivi z boku mìscevoï vladi, âkì mogli b pozbavlâli sud, âkij rozglâdav spravu, povnoï neuperedženostì. Prote u tak rezonansnìj spravì G̀org̀onovoï važko bulo b znajti okružnij sud u Polʹŝì, âkij bi uniknuv nadmìrnogo publìčnogo ìnteresu do cʹogo procesu. Spravu povtorno rozglânuv Okružnij sud u Krakovì. Sud ozpočavsâ v bereznì 1933 roku.},
 type={text},
 title={Aspekty proceduralne sprawy Gorgonowej},
 keywords={Second Polish Republic, Lviv, murder, circumstantial trial, Rita Gorgonowa, district court, jury trial, ÌÌ Rìč Pospolita, Lʹvìv, vbivstvo, obstavinnij proces, Rita G̀org̀onova, okružnij sud, sud prisâžnih},
}